Background and Design: Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial disease in which Propionibacterium acnes is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflamed lesions. There is also significant in vitro evidence suggesting a possible pathogenetic role for Staphylococci in acne vulgaris and an in vitro study of patients who were undergoing evaluation for acne, showed that 53% of participants were colonised with Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 29 P. acnes isolates and 61 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) isolates were obtained from 169 specimens belonging to patients with inflammatory acne vulgaris and the antimicrobial susceptibilities of these isolates against nadifloxacin, erythromycin, clindamycin and tetracycline were determined at the minimum inhibitory concentration levels, using the ‘Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute’ agar dilution method.
Results: There were no P. acnes isolate resistant to the antibiotics tested in this study and the antibiotic resistance status among CNS was as 28%, 36%, 23% and 0% for tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycine and nadifloxacin, respectively.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it may be expected that nadifloxacin could be more effective in the treatment of acne than other antimicrobial agents because of having no resistance to both P. acnes and CNS. However, this must be supported by clinical trials. Although resistance rates were found to be relatively low in this study, the antibiotic resistance problem should be taken into consideration while planning a treatment to get successful results. In case of treatment failures, presence of drug resistant strains should be considered.

Background and Design: Psoriasis patients have increased risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Uric acid is a metabolic marker associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Uric acid levels increase in psoriasis as well. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of uric acid in metabolic syndrome in patients with psoriasis.
Materials and Methods: Chronic plaque psoriasis patients who presented to the dermatology outpatient clinics in a university-affiliated training and research hospital and age- and gender-matched healthy individuals were included in the study. Waist circumference, height and weight measurements in both groups were recorded, and body mass index was calculated. Serum uric acid, urea, creatinine, C-reactive protein, fasting blood glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglyceride and insulin levels were determined. Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance status were evaluated. The findings were compared statistically.
Results: Seventy patients with chronic plaque psoriasis (37 females, 33 males) and 60 healthy individuals (31 females, 29 males) were included in the study. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and uric acid levels were found to be higher in the psoriasis group than in control group (p=0.003 and p=0.008, respectively). Serum uric acid levels and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index scores were higher in psoriasis patients with metabolic syndrome than in those without metabolic syndrome when psoriasis patients were evaluated separately (p=0.041, p=0.024, respectively). A positive correlation was observed between abdominal circumference and serum uric acid levels in psoriasis patients (p=0.003, r=0.350
Conclusion: The results of this study show that uric acid levels are elevated in psoriasis patients with metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was also significantly higher. Hence, patients should be followed up for development of uric acid-related disorders.

Background and Design: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a childhood enteroviral eruptive disease presenting with fever and
cutaneous and mucosal lesions. It is benign and generally resolves spontaneously, but may sometimes result in systemic involvement. The purpose of this study was to share our clinical experience concerning patients who were followed with the diagnosis of HFMD established by the pediatric and dermatology clinics.
Materials and Methods: We prospectively evaluated patients who attended our hospital with the complaints of fever and eruptions and
received the diagnosis of HFMD based on the clinical findings between December 2014 and November 2015. Age, sex, month of presentation, presentation symptoms and duration of symptoms were investigated. Systemic and dermatological examination findings, laboratory results and tests such as echocardiography were reviewed.
Results: Thirty-nine patients were included; 19 (48.8%) were girl and 20 (51.2%) were boy. The mean age of the patients was 29.8±27.9
(6-155) months. Six (15.3%) patients were in the 0-12 month age group, while only 3 (7.8%) were older than 60 months. Presentations were most common in September, June and October. The most common presentation symptoms were eruptions on the hands and feet (100%), fever (82.1%) and oral aphthae (79.5%). The lesions were most commonly observed on the hands (94.9%, n=37) and feet (87.2%, n=34) and in the mouth (79.5%, n=31). Cardiac involvement was determined in 3 (7.7%) patients. Nail changes were observed during monitoring in 10 (25.6%) patients.
Conclusion: Our results show that the age of onset of HFMD in Turkey has decreased compared to that reported in the previous studies.
Patients must be evaluated in detail in terms of clinical and laboratory findings showing severity of the disease. This study also shows that pediatricians/dermatologists collaboration is of great importance.

Background and Design: It has been shown that acne rosacea (AR) seriously affects quality of life (QoL). Various options are available for the treatment of AR. There are many studies in the literature demonstrating that QoL of patients have improved after these treatments. Positive outcomes have been attained with intense pulsed light (IPL) in the treatment of AR and erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR) in particular. However, although there are studies in the literature showing the effectiveness of IPL in ETR, no studies have been conducted at either international or national level showing to what extent it has positive impact on QoL.
Materials and Methods: Our goal in this study was to reveal to what extent IPL affects QoL positively. To this end, 30 patients who were diagnosed with ETR and met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. In this open-label, prospective, uncontrolled cohort study, visual analog scale (VAS), Physician’s Global Assessment (PGA), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were administered before and after the IPL therapy, which was planned to be administered to the patients once in four weeks in a total of three sessions.
Results: The data collected before the first session and after the last session were evaluated with the SPSS statistics software and statistically significant p values were obtained. The difference in VAS score between before and after treatment was -3.13±1.46 (p<0.01), -1.6±0.6 in PGA (p<0.01), and -11.63±3.13 in DLQI (p<0.01). The SF-36 was assessed in 8 subscales; physical functioning (PF), role-physical (RP), social functioning (SF), role-emotional (RE), bodily pain (BP), vitality (VT), mental health (MH), and general health (GH). The statistical analysis of the SF-36 showed that the difference was 35±16.24 in SF (p<0.01), 61±20 in RE (p<0.01), 8±16.9 in VT (p<0.05), 38±11.03 in MH (p<0.01), and 47.03±12.74 in GH (p<0.01). A comparison of the data obtained during the first and last visits revealed that there was a decrease of 3.13 points in VAS, 1.6 points in PGA, and 11.63 points in DLQI. Statistically significant improvements were found in the scores of SF, RE, VT, MH, and GH subscales of the SF-36.
Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that IPL was an effective method in the treatment of ETR. Marked reductions were seen in the clinical symptoms after the IPL therapy as evidenced by the VAS and PGA scores. Patient satisfaction was also evidenced by the DLQI and SF-36.

Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a CD30-positive non-Hodgkin lymphoma of T-cell origin. It comprises approximately 3% of all non- Hodgkin lymphomas. The skin may be the primary involvement site (primary cutaneous) or systemic ALCL may affect the skin as cutaneous metastasis. In systemic ALCL, 80-85% of cases exhibit anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1 (ALK). However, primary cutaneous ALCL is typically ALK-negative. The most important prognostic marker in systemic ALCL is the expression of ALK. Positive ALK is associated with a favourable prognosis in systemic ALCL. Here, we report a case of ALK-positive ALCL with a very aggressive clinical course. Our case was evaluated for brown-violaceous nodules appearing on the trunk, groin and arm for about 3-4 weeks. In a few days after the diagnosis of ALCL, the patient died because of sepsis which was thought to be associated with ALCL.

Gougerot-Carteaud syndrome (GCS) is a rarely seen dermatosis characterized by reticular and pigmented plaques with a tendency to merge with each other in areas such as the neck, upper body, and axilla in young adults. A 20-year-old male patient presented to the dermatology outpatient clinic with the complaints of itching and brown patches affecting the trunk, back and the neck. He had no endocrine diseases and used no drugs. Dermatological examination revealed reticulated, hyperpigmented, verrucous papules and plaques on the anterior surface of his trunk, upper back, and neck region. No fungal elements were encountered in the potassium hydroxide examination. Histopathologically, basket-like hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis, mild acanthosis, and hyperpigmentation in the basal layer were detected. Minocycline treatment was initiated at a dose of 100 mg/daily. At the three-month follow-up visit, minocycline treatment was terminated due to lack of clinical response, and 30 mg/day acitretin treatment was initiated. The lesions showed marked improvement except for a slight hyperpigmentation in the first month of the treatment. We report here a case of GCS in which acitretin was started due to clinical unresponsiveness to minocycline treatment and, substantially, a favorable result was obtained in a short time.

Lichen striatus (LS) is an uncommon, acquired, self-limiting, linear inflammatory dermatosis. The eruption typically presents as pink or tan papules along Blaschko’s lines. It usually occurs in children, rarely affects adults. The rashes usually suddenly emerge in a single extremity and may regress within a few months or years. The incidence is slightly higher among women. The etiology of LS is not exactly known, however, it is thought to be a T cell-mediated autoimmune reaction. Trauma, infection, pregnancy, drugs, vaccination, and atopy have been reported as triggering factors. In the literature, four cases of LS developing after vaccination (3 children and 1 adult) have been reported. It was the only reported adult case of LS developing after hepatitis B virus vaccination. Herein, we present a 36-year-old woman with LS which was thought to be triggered by a tetanus vaccine.