Turkderm-Turk Arch Dermatol Venereol. 2015; 49(1): 25-30 | DOI: 10.4274/turkderm.71135

Analysis of serum cytokine levels in patients with pemphigus vulgaris

Derya Uçmak¹, Zeynep Meltem Akkurt¹, Hatice Yüksel², Mustafa Arýca^1
1Department Of Dermatology, Faculty Of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
²Department Of Biochemistry, Faculty Of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey

Background and Design: Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune blistering skin disease. The aim of this study was to compare levels of T helper 1 (Th1), T helper 2 (Th2) and T helper 17 (Th17) type cytokines in pemphigus vulgaris patients and healthy controls.
Materials and Methods: The study population included 37 patients with PV and 35 healthy individuals. The patients were grouped into mild, moderate and severe disease groups according to the severity of skin and mucosal involvement. Serum interleukin(IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17A and interferon(IFN)-γ levels were assessed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Serum cytokine levels of patients versus controls and between patient subgroups were compared. Analysis of data was done using SPSS 15.0.
Results: Serum IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). IL-6 levels were found to be correlated with the severity of disease (r=0.490, p=0.003). Serum cytokine levels of the patient subgroups were not statistically different.
Conclusion: Th2 type cytokines were found to be increased in serum of patients with pemphigus vulgaris. These results support that the Th2 cytokine response plays a major role in the etiopathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris.

Keywords: Pemphigus vulgaris, Autoimmune skin disease, Th1 cytokines, Th2 cytokines

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Pemfigus vulgaris hastalarýnda serum sitokin düzeylerinin analizi

Derya Uçmak¹, Zeynep Meltem Akkurt¹, Hatice Yüksel², Mustafa Arýca^1
1Dicle Üniversitesi Týp Fakültesi, Dermatoloji Ana Bilim Dalý, Diyarbakýr, Türkiye
²Dicle Üniversitesi Týp Fakültesi, Biyokimya Ana Bilim Dalý, Diyarbakýr, Türkiye

Amaç: Pemfigus vulgaris, otoimmün kökenli, deride bül oluþumuyla seyreden bir deri hastalýðýdýr. Bu çalýþmada pemfigus vulgarisli hastalarda T helper 1 (Th1) ve T helper 2 (Th2) ve T helper 17 (Th17) tiplerindeki sitokinlerin düzeylerini araþtýrmayý ve saðlýklý kontrollerle karþýlaþtýrmayý hedefledik.
Gereç-Yöntem: Çalýþmaya 37 pemfigus vulgaris hastasý ile 35 saðlýklý birey dahil edildi. Hastalar deri ve mukoza tutulum derecesine göre hafif, orta ve þiddetli hastalýk olarak üç alt grupta sýnýflandýrýldý. Serum interlökin(IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17A ve interferon (IFN)-γ düzeyleri enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay yöntemiyle ölçüldü. Serum sitokin düzeyleri, hasta alt gruplarý arasýnda ve hastalar ile kontroller arasýnda SPSS 15.0 programý kullanýlarak karþýlaþtýrýldý.
Bulgular: Serum IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 düzeyleri pemfigus vulgarisli hastalarda kontrollere göre anlamlý derecede yüksekti (sýrasýyla p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001). IL-6 düzeyleri hastalýk þiddeti ile koreleydi (r=0.490, p=0.003). Serum sitokin düzeyleri hastalýk alt gruplarý arasýna göre anlamlý deðildi.
Sonuç: Çalýþmamýzda pemfigus vulgariste Th2 sitokinlerdeki artýþýn ön planda olduðu saptanmýþtýr. Sonuçlar, Th2 tipindeki sitokin yanýtlarýnýn pemfigus vulgarisin patogenezinde önemli rol oynadýðýný desteklemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Pemfigus vulgaris, Otoimmün deri hastalýðý, Th1 sitokinler, Th2 sitokinleri

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