A prospective descriptive study of 100 patients with facial trichostasis spinulosa

Background and Design: Trichostasis spinulosa (TS) is a common but frequently underdiagnosed dermatological condition. Dermoscopy has recently been identified as the most practical and useful noninvasive diagnostic tool. This study aimed to assess the demographic, clinical, and dermoscopic features of TS, as well as the patients’ perspectives. The objective was to increase awareness of this disease.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study. A total of 100 adult patients diagnosed with facial TS at a tertiary center between October 2021 and April 2023 were included. Physical and dermoscopic examinations were performed. Demographic data, reasons for admission, age at onset, subjective complaints, comorbidities, previous treatments, treatment responses, lesion location, dermoscopic findings, and patient perspectives on the disease were recorded.
Results: Ninety-nine percent of the patients presented to the clinic with other dermatological conditions. The most common age group was 18-25 years. Of the patients, 81% were female and 19% were male. When patients’ perspectives were evaluated, 67% were aware of the TS findings, 52% reported being disturbed by the lesions, and 56% requested treatment of the lesions. On dermoscopy, vellus hairs surrounded by keratotic plugs were observed in 68% of patients and black comedone-like structures in 58% of patients, together with hair tufts. The combined presence of hair tufts, vellus hairs surrounded by keratotic plugs, and black comedone-like structures was observed in 33% of the patients.
Conclusion: TS can cause cosmetic distress, particularly in young adults. TS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of treatmentresistant, comedone-like facial lesions. In most cases, a practical diagnosis can be established using a dermatoscope.

Keywords: Trichostasis spinulosa, hair diseases, dermoscopy

Fasyal trikostazis spinulozalý 100 hastanýn prospektif tanýmlayýcý çalýþmasý

Amaç: Trikostazis spinuloza (TS), yaygýn fakat sýklýkla yeterince taný konulamayan bir dermatolojik hastalýktýr. Son zamanlarda dermoskopinin taný için invaziv olmayan en yararlý ve kolay araç olduðu bildirilmektedir. Bu çalýþmada hastalýðýn demografik, klinik, dermoskopik özellikleri ve hastalarýn hastalýða bakýþ açýlarýnýn deðerlendirilmesi amaçlandý. Bu hastalýk hakkýnda farkýndalýðýn artýrýlmasý hedeflendi.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araþtýrma prospektif tanýmlayýcý bir çalýþma olarak tasarlandý. Ekim 2021 ile Nisan 2023 tarihleri arasýnda üçüncü basamak bir merkezde fasiyal TS tanýsý alan 100 yetiþkin hasta dahil edildi. Fizik muayene ve dermoskopik muayene yapýldý. Demografik veriler, baþvuru nedenleri, baþlangýç yaþý, subjektif þikayetler, komorbiditeler, daha once uygulanan tedaviler, tedavilere yanýtlar, lezyonlarýn lokalizasyonu, dermoskopik bulgular ve hastalarýn hastalýða bakýþ açýlarý kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Hastalarýn %99’u baþka dermatolojik hastalýklar nedeniyle kliniðe baþvurdu. En sýk görülen yaþ aralýðý 18-25 yaþ idi. Hastalarýn yüzde 81’i kadýn, yüzde 19’u erkekti. Hastalarýn hastalýða bakýþ açýlarý sorgulandýðýnda, %67’si TS bulgularýnýn farkýndaydý, %52’si lezyonlardan rahatsýz olduðunu belirtti, %56’sýnýn tedavi talebi mevcuttu. Dermoskopide küme kýl bulgusuyla birlikte hastalarýn %68’inde keratotik týkaçla çevrili vellüs kýllar, %58’inde siyah komedon benzeri yapýlar mevcuttu. Hastalarýn %33’ünde küme kýl, keratotik týkaçla çevrili vellüs kýllar ve siyah komedon benzeri yapýlar bir arada gözlendi.
Sonuç: TS hastalarda, özellikle genç eriþkinlerde kozmetik strese neden olabilir. Yüz bölgesinde tedaviye dirençli komedon benzeri lezyonlarýn ayýrýcý tanýsýnda TS akýlda tutulmalýdýr. Çoðu durumda dermoskopi ile pratik bir þekilde teþhis koymak mümkündür.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Trikostazis spinuloza, saç hastalýklarý, dermoskopi