Exposure to swimming pool water, due to humidity and the warm temperature of the water, can result in
the spreading of infectious diseases, such as dermatophytosis, human papilloma virus infections and molluscum
contagiosum. In addition, poor sanitation, overcapacity and inadequate disinfection of pools may
cause serious infections, such as pseudomonal and mycobacterial infections. Apart from infectious diseases,
certain dermatoses may develop depending on the properties of the pool water and the duration of
exposure to the pool water. In this article we discuss the clinical manifestations, preventive measures and
the treatment of pool water related infections and dermatoses.

Background and Design: We investigated the correlation between nm23 and tumor depth in primary cutaneous
malignant melanomas (PCMM).
Materials and Methods: Sixteen cases in sun-exposed areas and 10 cases in nonexposed areas were included
into the study. Clark Levels (CL) were determined to evaluate tumor depth. Immunohistochemically
more than 10% of cytoplasmic staining by nm23 was assessed in a semiquantitative fashion. The extent of
staining was estimated as (+), (++), (+++), the intensity of staining was graded as (+), (++), (+++).
Results: There were totally 6 PCMM cases with low Clark level (CL I, II, III). The extent of nm23 staining
was as follows: in 4 cases (+++), in 1 case (++) and in 1 case (+). The intensity of staining was in 5 cases
(+++), in 1 case (++). There were 20 PCMM cases with high CL (CL IV, V). The extent of nm23 staining
was as follows; in 15 cases (+++), in 2 cases (++), there was no staining in 3 cases. The intensity of staining
was (+++) in 6 cases, (+) in 5 cases, (-) in 3 cases. No significant difference regarding the nm 23 positivity
was observed in PCMM in sun exposed areas and nonexposed areas.
Conclusion: In all of the cases with low CL there was nm23 staining. This finding suggests tumor suppressor
potential of nm23. But the number of cases with high CL that weren't stained by nm23 was fewer on
the contrary of the expected. We thougt that nm23 expression may not be related to the depth of tumor invasion.
Besides the fewer expression of the nm23 in PKMM in sun exposed areas may suggest the more
aggressive behaviour in those tumors.

Background and design: The present study aimed at investigating the expression characteristics of bax and Bcl-2 proteins as well as the relation between Ki67, known to be a proliferation marker, and the two tumors immunohistochemically. Material and method: Twenty squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 20 basal cell carcinoma (BCC) cases were evaluated by immunohistochemical method using bax, Bcl-2 and Ki67 antibodies. There were marked differences between Bax, Bcl-2 and Ki67 values in SCC and BCC. Result: An overall evaluation showed that Bcl-2 was highly positive, whereas Bax expression was ignorable in BCC. However, Bax was evidently positive in most SCC cases. Ki67 was positive at variable degrees in 90% of SCC cases, but only slightly positive in 10% of BCC cases. The fact that Bax positivity is more evident in SCC and Bcl-2 positivity in BCC demonstrates that apoptosis is more marked in SCC. Conclusion: This result suggests that although apoptosis is not strongly related with Bax in BCC, Bcl-2 gene family regulates apoptosis activity. In SCC cases with a more aggressive course, Ki67 was found high in relation to the degree of differentiation. However, number of literature studies addressing this topic is limited; therefore studies including a higher number of cases are needed.

Background and Design: The association of high prevalence of hand warts in butchers was first reported
more than 30 years ago and subsequent studies have supported this finding. We aimed to investigate the
prevalence of verrucae among the tradesmen who dealed with meat, fish and chicken meat in Isparta and to
compare them with groceries at the same sociocultural level who did not contact with meat.
Materials and Methods: A detailed questionnaire was applied to the study group consisting of tradesmen dealing
with meat and to the control group consisting of groceries, each of which have 155 individuals. Both of
the groups were examined whether they had verrucae on their hands or not.
Results: The rate of verruca vulgaris in the study and control groups were 17.4% and 6.0% respectively (p<0.001).
Verruca vulgaris was found to be significantly common among butchers compared with groceries (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Verruca vulgaris is frequently seen among people dealed with meat like butchers and this is an
important problem of public health because of the risk of contamination by direct contact. The results of our
study was compatible that the verruca vulgaris was more frequent in the meat industry workers in our region.
In our country, there are few published studies on this subject and this problem is still important regarding
public health. We believe that it is necessary to perform epidemiological studies in the related occupational
groups so as to inform about autoinoculation and contamination of verrucae.

Background and design: In this study, agreement between the results of face-to-face examination and teledermatology
application performed by combined use of store-and-forward method and web cameras was investigated.
Material and method: A hundred patients were included in the study. Patients were examined by two teledermatologists
(A and B) via the teledermatology application in which store and forward method is combined
with web cameras, then were reexamined face-to-face by third dermatologist.
Results: When the results of face-to-face and teledermatology examinations were compared, the diagnostic
agreement value (k) of teledermatolog A was 0.70, whereas that for teledermatologist B was 0.62. About
patient management plans, the agreement value of teledermatolog A was 0.68, whereas that for teledermatologist
B was 0.64.
Conclusion: The use of store-and-forward method combined with web cameras may be a good alternative
for future teledermatology applications.

The term “tinea incognito” refers to dermatophyte infections with clinical presentations that have been modified
by the administration of corticosteroids, which is prescribed as a result of incorrect diagnosis. In this case
report, we describe a 29-year-old woman who had generalized tinea incognito due to Trichophyton rubrum
after receiving treatment with both topical and systemic corticosteroids. It has been reviewed with
knowledge of recent medical literature.

Hailey-Hailey disease is an autosomal dominant inherited dermatosis characterized by vesicular and crusted lesions
in the intertriginous regions. The treatment alternatives include classical treatment choices like oral and
topical corticosteroides, antibiotics, dapsone, cryosurgery, surgical excision and new treatment alternatives like
botulinum toxin, dermabrasion with carbon dioxide laser, photodynamic therapy, topical tacrolimus, topical tacalcitol
and methotrexate. This Hailey-Hailey case is presented because of improvement with methotrexate therapy
applied for five months. No recurrence was observed within four months after cessation of treatment.

Unilateral nevoid telangiectasia is a disease in which fine telangiectasia develop in a unilateral, sometimes
dermatomal distribution. This disease was first described by Blascho in 1899 and there have been fewer than
100 reported cases heretofore. Unilateral nevoid telangiectasia may be congenital or acquired. Whereas congenital
forms mainly seen in men, acquired forms seen in female. However etiopathogenesis is still uncertain,
high estrogen levels may be responsible in women.
Herein, we present a 40 year-old female patient with a diagnosis of acquired unilateral nevoid telangiectasia
involving C3 dermatome and mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve with normal estrogen levels.